感官动词那些事

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  海边很美。湛蓝的天、蔚蓝的海,海滩上到处是千奇百怪的贝壳。一排排海浪涌上来又退下去,轻轻拍打着细细的沙滩。雪白的海鸥唱着歌儿,在海面上飞来飞去。一只花背小乌龟正在海滩上悠闲地散步,看到眼前的美景,他不禁吟诵起了一首韵律小诗:
  In the morning, I like to sing,
  And watch the seagulls flying.
  In the evening, I like to sit,
  And listen to the wind blowing.
  小螃蟹正好经过,连连称赞小乌龟有才情。不过,小螃蟹疑惑地问:“小乌龟,为什么小诗中的两个动词fly和blow都用了动名词形式呢?”
  乌龟:小诗中的watch和listen to都是感官动词,表示人的感官动作。“感官动词+doing”, 表示动作的连续性、进行性,watch the seagulls flying,强调“看见海鸥正在飞”; listen to the wind blowing,强调“听见风儿正在吹”。
  螃蟹:哦,原来是这样啊!那下面的三个句子,是不是也属于这一类?
  1. I saw her working in the garden.
  我看见她正在花园里干活。
  2. I heard him talking about his father.
  我听到他正在谈论他的父亲。
  3. I found the man entering the building.
  我发现这位先生正走进这幢大楼。
  乌龟:是的,这三个句子也属于这一类。其中saw, heard, found的原形see, hear, find都是感官动词。此外,还有smell, taste, feel, notice等。
  螃蟹:我明白了!但是,感官类动词后面的动词都用动名词形式吗?动词,只要看见前面是感官动词就+ing吗?
  乌龟:那是绝对不可以的!任何的语法规则都是相对的,要根据不同的语境选择合适的表达。有时可以用“感官动词+do”的形式,表示动作的完整性、真实性。如:
  1. I saw her work in the garden yesterday.
  昨天我看见她在花园里干活了。
  2. I heard him talk about his father.
  我听到他谈论他的父亲了。
  3. I found the man enter the building.
  我发现这位先生进了这幢大楼。
  螃蟹:原来如此啊,这下我全明白了!那你刚才吟诵的韵律小诗,也可以换成这种形式吗?
  乌龟:当然可以!但那就不是表达“此时此刻、正在”了哟!
  夕阳西下,海面上撒满了落日的余晖。海天相接的地方,红彤彤的一大片。浪花在大海的怀抱里欢快地跳跃、追逐。金色的沙滩被冲刷得干干净净。小乌龟和小螃蟹哼着小曲儿,回家去了……
  In the morning, I like to sing,
  And watch the seagulls fly.
  In the evening, I like to sit,
  And listen to the wind blow.
  1. I watch the flowers blowing.
  我看到花儿正盛开着。
  I watch the flowers blow.
  我看到花儿盛开了。
  2. I heard a girl singing in the next room.
  我听见一个女孩正在隔壁房间唱歌。
  I heard a girl sing in the next room.
  我听见一个女孩在隔壁房间唱歌了。
  3. The policeman saw the thief running away from the shop.
  警察看到那个小偷正从商店逃离。
  The policeman saw the thief run away from the shop.
  警察看到那个小偷从商店逃走了。
  英语中,有五大感官系动词:look(看起来),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(摸起来),描述一种感官性质,后面接形容词,说明主语所处的状态。
  feel happy 感觉快乐 look angry 看起来很生气
  sound good 听起来很好 smell nice 闻起来很棒
  taste delicious尝起来很美味 touch soft 摸起来很软
  1. The children look very happy. 这群孩子看起来很开心。
  2. The music sounds sweet. 這音乐听起来真悦耳。
  3. The flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来真香。
  4. The apples taste very good.这些苹果很好吃。
  5. The silk feels very soft. 丝绸摸起来很滑。
  一、根据语境,用所给词的适当形式填空。
  1.我看见他们在操场上踢足球。
  I saw them (play) football on the playground.
  2.我看见一位老人正在过马路。
  I saw an old man (cross) the road.
  3.我听到有人敲门敲了三次。
  I heard someone (knock) at the door three times.
  4. 我听见他走下了楼。
  I heard him (go) down the stairs.
  5. 我看着蜜蜂在花园里采蜜。
  I watch the bees (make) honey in the garden.
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