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目的了解乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)纳入儿童免疫规划后现状,发现存在的问题。方法从卫生部与全球疫苗免疫联盟/儿童疫苗基金合作项目的22个省(自治区、直辖市,下同)中,抽取10个省开展HepB纳入儿童免疫规划后经费支持、接种工作实施、安全注射、接种率及HepB使用与管理等情况调查。结果大部分省都能及时提供项目所需的配套经费和工作经费,以省为单位HepB报告接种率已经达到项目既定的目标,但估算和调查HepB首针及时接种率仍未达到项目目标。结论尽管各省实际HepB接种率没有报告接种率那么高,但HepB3全程接种率和HepB1及时接种率在HepB纳入儿童免疫规划后已经取得巨大成绩。为了达到项目目标,工作的重点应该是提高在家分娩儿童的HepB1及时接种率。
Objective To understand the current status of Hepatitis B (Hepatitis B) vaccine in children’s immunization program and find out the existing problems. Methods Twenty provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities, the same below) were selected from the Ministry of Health and the GAVI / Childhood Vaccine Fund to provide funding support for the inclusion of HepB in childhood immunization programs, vaccination work, safe injection, Vaccination rate and HepB use and management of the investigation. Results Most of the provinces were able to provide necessary funding and working expenses for the project in a timely manner. HepB reported that the vaccination rate had reached the target set by the provincial government. However, the timely assessment and investigation of the timely vaccination rate of HepB still failed to meet the project objectives. Conclusion Although the actual vaccination coverage of HepB in all provinces was not reported as high, the full vaccination coverage of HepB3 and timely vaccination coverage of HepB1 have achieved great success after HepB was incorporated into childhood immunization program. In order to achieve the project goals, the focus of work should be to increase the timely vaccination rate of HepB1 in childbirths at home.