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文章基于支付能力原则提出一种国际差异化协调碳税政策(CEDS),在此政策下一国碳税税率与其人均GDP水平正相关;采用环境版全球贸易分析模型,定量地评估CEDS的减排效果和对不同区域的经济影响。结果表明:相比于碳关税政策,CEDS减排效果更为明显,世界碳泄露较小;与碳关税政策相比,实施全球合作的CEDS政策,世界总的GDP和居民福利均有不同程度的改善;特别的,绝大多数发展中国家福利损失较小;发展中国家基于CEDS在国内减排,也能在一定程度上降低发达国家关于单方面减排措施所导致的竞争力损失的担忧。
Based on the principle of capacity to pay, this paper proposes an international coordinated carbon tax policy (CEDS), under which a country’s carbon tax rate is positively correlated with its per capita GDP level. A global version of the global trade analysis model is used to quantitatively evaluate the CEDS emission reductions Effects and Economic Impact on Different Regions. The results show that compared with the carbon tariff policy, CEDS has a more obvious effect of reducing emissions and a smaller carbon leakage in the world. Compared with the carbon tariff policy, the CEDS policy of global cooperation has different levels of global GDP and residents’ welfare In particular, the vast majority of developing countries have less welfare loss. Developing countries’ emission reduction based on CEDS in China can also reduce the concerns of developed countries on the loss of competitiveness caused by unilateral emission reduction measures to a certain extent.