介绍了在气动中心超高速所激波风洞中进行的飞船返回舱再入阶段高超声速六分量测力试验研究以及马赫数、雷诺数变化对返回舱外形纵向三分量气动特性的影响研究。在试验方案和天平设计中提出和采用了“5+1”方案,即五分量主天平和单分量滚转力矩天平实现六分量测量,模型分段连接使大轴向力对小滚转力矩测量的干扰降至最低。为考核该方案的可行性,还进行了一系列验证性试验,如对比性试验和缝隙影响试验,试验研究结果表明:采用该方案是可行的,成功地测量出了返回舱模型上的小滚转力矩。 The high-speed six-component force test and the study of the influence of Mach number and Reynolds number variation on the three-dimensional aerodynamic characteristics of the return capsule profile during the reentry phase of the spacecraft were introduced. Proposed and adopted the “5 + 1” scheme in the test scheme and balance design, that is, the five-component master balance and the single-component rolling torque balance realize the six-component measurement. The model segmented connection makes the large axial force small roll Torque measurement interference to a minimum. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the scheme, a series of confirmatory experiments have been carried out, such as the contrast test and the slot impact test. The experimental results show that it is feasible to adopt this scheme and successfully measure the small roll in the capsule model Torque.