在科技进步步伐日益加快的今天,科技发展水平已成为国家竞争力的关键。纵观本世纪的历史,发展中国家与发达国家之间的差距从整体上看并无实质性缩小;相反,差距拉大的危险却有增无减。这是因为科技与经济日益密不可分,技术创新已成为经济发展的核心推动力。科学发明、发现与技术应用之间的时滞与距离日益缩小,越来越多的科学研究直接由营利 As the pace of scientific and technological progress accelerates day by day, the level of scientific and technological development has become the key to national competitiveness. Looking at the history of this century, the gap between developing and developed countries as a whole has not substantially narrowed; on the contrary, the risk of a widening gap has been growing. This is because science and technology are increasingly inseparable from the economy, and technological innovation has become the core driver of economic development. The time lag and distance between scientific inventions, discoveries and technological applications are shrinking day by day, and more and more scientific research is directly driven by profits