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权利和侵权行为制度是私法上的两种工具。在以私法自治原则为基本原则建构的民法体系中,权利制度和侵权行为制度均肩负着维护自由意志和社会秩序的功能,立法者需在两者之间找到平衡,使其相辅相成。权利是私法的核心概念,权利宣示着个人自由的范围,对权利的侵犯产生了与基础权对应的救济权;侵权行为是债的发生原因之一,侵权行为是一种禁忌性规则,对其违反则产生民事责任。本文试从民事权利的类型和侵权行为制度涵射范围、绝对权利的侵权法调整和侵权构成的相互影响两个角度,分析民法的权利技术与侵权构成之间的关联关系。
Rights and tort system are two kinds of private law. In the civil law system based on the principle of the autonomy of private law, both the right system and the tort system have the function of safeguarding their free will and social order. The legislators need to find a balance between the two so that they complement each other. Right is the core concept of private law, and the right proclaims the scope of individual freedom. The infringement of right has the right of relief corresponding to the basic right. Infringement is one of the causes of debt, and infringement is a taboo rule. Violations result in civil liability. This paper attempts to analyze the relationship between the rights and rights of civil law and the constitution of infringement from the perspectives of the type of civil rights and the scope of the infringement system, the mutual influence of infringement law adjustment and infringement of absolute rights.