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一、引言自从威廉·西门子于1856年发明换向加热法,使平炉炼钢法成为可能以来,平炉炼钢法已有100多年的历史。平炉炼钢法在世界炼钢史中作为一种主要炼钢方法,已为社会进步和经济发展作出了它应有的贡献。1952年,杜勒尔教授发明了碱性氧气顶吹转炉并在奥地利的林茨和多纳维茨二厂实现了工业化生产后(称为LD法),使炼钢技术获得了突飞猛进的发展。尔后,LD法便以高生产率、高质量、低成本的优越性,逐渐居于各种炼钢法的领先地位。各先进国家大力发
I. INTRODUCTION Since Wilhelm Siemens invented the recuperative heating method in 1856, making the open hearth steelmaking method possible, the open hearth steelmaking method has been in existence for more than 100 years. The open hearth steelmaking method, as a major steelmaking method in world steelmaking history, has made its due contribution to social progress and economic development. In 1952, Professor Durer invented a basic oxygen top-blown converter and after industrialized production at the Linz and Donavitz plants in Austria (known as the LD method), the steelmaking technology has made rapid progress. Later, LD method will be in a high productivity, high quality, low cost advantages, gradually living in a variety of leading steelmaking law. The advanced countries vigorously