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实现水稻生产机械化,机械插秧是中心环节,而工厂育秧又是机械插秧的配套技术。日本在五十年代末期引进我国机械插秧技术,并于1961年大力推广温室小苗(有土)育秧,使育苗农艺与机械工艺相结合,很快实现了插秧机械化。1976年日本全国水稻机插面积约占73％,其中小苗占52％,中苗占21％(日本习惯把二叶称小苗,四叶称中苗)。目前温室育秧有中苗代替小苗的趋势。1977年机插面积巳达到80％以上。由于实现育秧工厂化、插秧机械化,劳动生产率提高6—8倍。现在他们每亩水稻仅用工53小时,计每个工时生产稻谷15斤。早稻温室育秧,可以防止烂秧,节省种子;可以适时播种,争取季节;可以不用秧田,扩大复种面积;可以摆脱不利气候条
To achieve the mechanization of rice production, mechanical planting is the central link, and the plant is also a mechanical seedling planting seedlings supporting technology. In the late 1950s, Japan introduced the mechanical seedling planting technology in our country. In 1961, it vigorously promoted the cultivation of greenhouse seedlings (earth and soil), combined the seedling agronomic and mechanical techniques, and realized the transplanting mechanization quickly. In 1976, Japan accounted for 73% of rice planting area, of which 52% of young seedlings and 21% of middle seedlings (Japan used to refer to the second leaf as a seedling and the fourth leaf as a middle seedling). The current greenhouse seedling seedlings have the trend to replace the seedlings. Machine area in 1977 has reached more than 80%. Due to the realization of nursery factory, transplanting mechanization, labor productivity increased by 6-8 times. Now they only work 53 hours per mu of rice, accounting for 15 kg of rice per working hour. Early rice greenhouse seedlings, can prevent rotting seedlings, save seeds; timely sowing, for the season; can not seedling, expand the area of multiple cropping; can get rid of adverse climatic