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苏联几十年来一贯重视教育工作。十月革命以后不久,还在艰苦的战争岁月里,党就把大批工农出身的干部送到各类学校进行培养,提高他们的文化知识和专业技术水平。苏联很早就着手普及教育。远在1930年,就开始普及4年制的义务教育,1934年改为7年制,1958年实行8年制义务教育,1971—75年基本达到10年制义务教育。现在苏联的文盲率在世界各国中是最低的,只有0.2%(日本为0.3%,美国为1%)。
The Soviet Union has always attached importance to education for decades. Soon after the October Revolution and still in a difficult war years, the party sent a large number of cadres of workers and peasants to various schools for training to enhance their cultural knowledge and professional skills. The Soviet Union started very early on in popularizing education. As far back as 1930, it started to popularize 4-year compulsory education. In 1934, it changed to 7-year compulsory education. In 1958, it implemented 8-year compulsory education. In 1971-75, it basically reached the 10-year compulsory education. At present, the illiteracy rate in the Soviet Union is the lowest among all countries in the world, with only 0.2% (0.3% in Japan and 1% in the United States).