临床、预防、管理交叉体系构建与健康管理人才培养效果分析:基于优劣解距离模型

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目的:调查分析临床、预防、管理交叉实践培养在健康管理人才培养中的应用效果,探索创新健康管理人才培养模式。方法:采用简单随机抽样的方法,选取2013—2017年在大连医科大学附属第二医院健康管理中心实习基地实习的临床、预防及管理专业学生共30名作为交叉组,选取与交叉组各专业同班级的常规实习的临床、预防及管理专业学生各30名分别作为对照组。交叉组进行案例分析教学、专题报告会及科研能力培养实践,实习结束后,对各组学生进行实习主观效果调查及健康管理知识测试。采用优劣解距离(TOPSIS)法评价交叉教学及常规实习培养的效果。结果:实习主观效果评价方面,交叉组科研能力[3.0(3.0,3.0)分比2.0(2.0,3.0)分]、有益发展[(2.8±0.6)分比(2.4±0.5)分]、满意度[3.0(3.0,3.3)分比2.0(2.0,3.0)分]及灵活性[3.0(3.0,3.0)分比2.0(2.0,3.0)分]得分均高于管理组,参与度[(2.8±0.7)分比(2.4±0.6)分]、沟通能力[(3.1±0.6)分比(2.6±0.5)分]、有益发展[(2.8±0.6)分比(2.4±0.5)分]得分均高于预防组,适合度[(2.9±0.6)分比(2.5±0.7)分]及应变能力[3.0(3.0,3.0)分比3.0(2.0,3.0)分]得分高于临床组;健康管理知识测试方面,交叉组测试成绩(7.1±1.3)分高于临床组的学生(6.1±1.9)分,差异均有统计学意义(n P均<0.05)。经TOPSIS模型评价,交叉组综合主观评价结果排在首位,其余依次为预防组、临床组及管理组。n 结论:临床、预防、管理交叉培养整体优于常规实习培养,有利于培养出满足社会健康需求的复合型健康管理人才。“,”Objective:This study aimed to investigate and analyze the application effect of cross-field training of clinical, prevention, and management in health management talent training.Methods:The simple random sampling method was used. 30 clinical, prevention, and management students were randomly selected as the cross-training group from 2013 to 2017 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, and 30 students in the same class were randomly selected as the control group. The cross-training group conducted case analysis teaching, symposium, and scientific research ability training practice. After the internship, subjective practice effect and health management knowledge test were conducted for each group. TOPSIS method was adopted to evaluate the subjective effect of cross-teaching and routine practice training.Results:The cross-training group had higher scientific research ability, development, satisfaction, and flexibility scores than the management group[3.0(3.0,3.0) n vs 2.0(2.0,3.0), (2.8±0.6) n vs (2.4±0.5), 3.0(3.0,3.3) n vs 2.0(2.0,3.0), 3.0(3.0,3.0) n vs 2.0(2.0,3.0), respectively]; higher participation, communication ability, development scores than the prevention group[(2.8±0.7) n vs (2.4±0.6), (3.1±0.6) n vs (2.6±0.5), (2.8±0.6) n vs (2.4±0.5), respectively]; and higher suitability degree and strain ability score than the clinical group[(2.9±0.6) n vs (2.5±0.7), 3.0(3.0,3.0) n vs 3.0(2.0,3.0), respectively]. Health management test scores of cross-training students were significantly higher than the clinical group[(7.1±1.3分) n vs (6.1±1.9分)]. Differences were statistically significant (n P<0.05). After TOPSIS model evaluation, the results of comprehensive subjective evaluation in the cross-group ranked first, followed by the prevention group, clinical group, and management group.n Conclusion:The cross-field of clinical, prevention, and management is better than conventional practice training, which is beneficial for promoting the training of health management talents to meet the needs of social health.
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