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矿物的占位率可通过各种实验方法求得。这里简要地评述这些方法的应用,并特别注意与实验数据推断定量占位率有关的问题及其局限性。衍射方法是这些技术中发展最快的,而对于无序地分布于二个以上位置的两种原子所得到的结果,其精度取决于所含原子的散射力的差异。穆斯堡尔谱(Mossbauer)主要是用来测定Fe~(2+)和Fe~(3+)的占位率。该结果的精度取决于图谱的分辨力;随着分辨力的降低,参数互相发生关联使得图谱修正成为问题,从而精度大大降低。已经用氢氧键的红外光谱来测定含OH矿物的占位率。然而这一方法受到成簇效应的影响,假如要用它作为定量占位率的测定,必须证明其没有成簇,否则需要将该方法进一步发展成能适用于成簇效应的矿物。最近电子吸收光谱对定量占位率的研究已取得了显著的进展。目前正在开展一些定量工作,而且这方面工作的进一步发展潜力很大。用来作定量、半定量工作的其他方法——γ射线衍射,X射线光电子衍射,X射线和中子衍射粉末图形修正,核磁共振谱,电子顺磁共振谱——有可能用于全定量工作,但需要进一步发展。每一种方法各自都有其特定的应用范围,而这些方法应该互相补充,而不应彼此排斥。
The occupancy of minerals can be calculated by various experimental methods. A brief review of the application of these methods is given here, with particular attention paid to the problems associated with quantitatively accounting for bit rates in experimental data and their limitations. Diffraction methods are among the fastest growing of these technologies, and the accuracy of the results obtained for two atoms that are disordered over two or more positions depends on the difference in scattering power of the contained atoms. Mossbauer is mainly used to determine the occupancy of Fe 2+ and Fe 3+. The accuracy of the result depends on the resolution of the map; as the resolution decreases, the correlation of the parameters makes the map correction a problem and the accuracy is greatly reduced. The OH-bond infrared spectra have been used to determine the occupancy of OH-containing minerals. However, this method is affected by the clustering effect. If it is to be used as a measure of quantitative occupancy, it must be demonstrated that it is not clustered or that the method needs to be further developed into a mineral that is suitable for clustering effects. Recent studies on the quantitative occupancy of electron absorption spectroscopy have made significant progress. Some quantitative work is currently under way and there is great potential for further development in this area. Other methods used for quantitative and semi-quantitative work - gamma ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron diffraction, X-ray and neutron diffraction powder patterning, NMR spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy - are likely to be used for full quantitation , But needs further development. Each of these methods has its own specific area of application, and these methods should complement each other and should not be mutually exclusive.