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以蔬菜长期定位施肥试验为基础,采用选择性培养基培养微生物,研究长期施氮对连作番茄土壤微生物的组成及数量的影响,并测定了土壤养分,探讨了土壤微生物与土壤养分的相关性。结果表明:处理AN0土壤好气性固氮菌数量最多,显著高于其他处理,处理AN1和BN2显著低于其他处理,施用有机肥可提高土壤中好气性固氮菌的数量。处理AN1氨化细菌数量,显著高于其他处理,BN2和AN2氨化细菌数量较少,有机肥和低浓度氮肥配施可提高土壤中氨化细菌数量,施用高浓度氮肥降低氨化细菌数量。施用有机肥可提高土壤中亚硝化细菌、反硝化细菌和纤维素分解菌的数量。反硝化细菌数量与全磷和速效磷含量显著相关,亚硝化细菌数量与碱解氮、速效钾和速效磷含量显著相关。纤维素分解菌与全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、有机质和速效钾含量显著相关。
Based on the long-term fertilization experiment of vegetables, the microorganism was cultured by selective culture medium to study the effect of long-term nitrogen application on the composition and quantity of soil microbes in continuous cropping tomato. The soil nutrient was determined and the correlation between soil microorganism and soil nutrient was discussed. The results showed that the quantity of aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in AN0 soil was the highest, which was significantly higher than that of other treatments. The treatment of AN1 and BN2 was significantly lower than other treatments. The application of organic fertilizer could increase the quantity of aerobic azotobacter in soil. The number of ammonifying bacteria in AN1 was significantly higher than that in other treatments, while the number of ammonifying bacteria in BN2 and AN2 was less. Combined application of organic manure and low concentration of nitrogen fertilizers could increase the amount of ammonifying bacteria in the soil and reduce the amount of ammonifying bacteria by applying high concentration of nitrogen fertilizer. Application of organic manure can increase the amount of nitrosated bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria in the soil. The number of denitrifying bacteria was significantly correlated with total phosphorus and available phosphorus, and the number of nitrosated bacteria was significantly correlated with the content of available nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus. Cellulolytic bacteria were significantly correlated with total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic matter and available potassium.