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目的探讨格林-巴利综合征(GBS)的神经电生理特点。方法对26例GBS患者进行运动神经传导速度(MCV)、F波、感觉神经传导速度(SCV)及针极肌电图等电生理检测。结果26例GBS患者检测均以周围神经脱髓鞘为主的特点。神经传导表现为末端潜伏期延长、传导速度减慢及波形离散,其中上肢MCV异常率(23%)低于下肢MCV(44%)(P<0.05),运动神经传导异常率高于感觉神经传导异常率(P<0.05);15例患者检出肌电图异常,表现为出现正锐波、纤颤电位,小力收缩时运动单位数减少或运动单位时限延长,大力收缩时募集电位减少等神经源性损害改变;77%神经F波潜伏期延长、出现率降低或消失。结论神经电生理检查可作为GBS临床诊断的重要手段,并可作为判断预后及治疗效果的一项客观指标。
Objective To investigate the neuroelectrophysiological characteristics of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS). Methods Twenty-six patients with GBS underwent electrophysiological examination including motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV), F wave, sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) and needle-pole electromyography. Results All 26 GBS patients were characterized by peripheral nerve demyelination. Nerve conduction manifested as prolonged terminal latency, slowed conduction velocity and waveform dispersion. The abnormal rate of upper extremity MCV (23%) was lower than that of lower extremity MCV (44%) (P <0.05). The abnormal rate of motor nerve conduction was higher than that of sensory nerve conduction (P <0.05). The EMG abnormality was detected in 15 cases, showing the positive sharp waves, fibrillation potential, the number of motor units decreased in small force contraction or prolonged exercise unit time, 77% nerve F wave latency prolonged, the incidence rate decreased or disappeared. Conclusion The neuroelectrophysiological examination can be used as an important means of clinical diagnosis of GBS and can be used as an objective index to judge the prognosis and treatment effect.