目的:研究天葵子各提取部位体外抗氧化活性以及主要成分。方法:将天葵子醇提物依次用乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,分别得到乙酸乙酯层(TK-Y)正丁醇层(TK-Z)和水层(TK-S),其中水层通过醇沉法得到水层多糖(TK-D),并以维生素C(VC)为对照,通过Fenton法和邻苯三酚法测定天葵子各部位和水层中的多糖对羟基自由基(·OH)和超氧自由基(O-2·)的清除能力,研究天葵子的抗氧化活性,并以此为导向分离主要活性成分。结果:天葵子抗氧化活性顺序为TK-D>TK-S>TK-Z>TK-Y,其中TK-D对超氧自由基的清除率与浓度呈正相关(Y=54.94X+27.15,R2=0.998 3),IC50为0.42 g·L-1;从正丁醇中分离得到5个化合物,分别鉴定为紫草氰苷(1),东方唐松草苷(2),格列风内酯(3),β-谷甾醇(4),胡萝卜苷(5)。结论:首次证实了天葵子提取物中水层和正丁醇层是其抗氧化活性部位,其中水层中的抗氧化活性物质为多糖,化合物紫草氰苷,东方唐松草苷,格列风内酯是天葵子的主要化学成分。 Objective: To study the anti-oxidative activity and the main components in vitro of all the extracted parts of Nitraria. Methods: The ethanol extract of Triticum ailanthus was extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain TK-Z and TK-S, respectively. Water The water layer polysaccharides (TK-D) were obtained by alcohol sedimentation. Vitamin C (VC) was used as control. The content of hydroxyl radicals (· OH) and superoxide radical (O-2 ·) scavenging ability of the antioxidant activity of sunflower seedlings, and as a guide to separation of the main active ingredient. Results: The order of antioxidant activity of A. japonicus was TK-D> TK-S> TK-Z> TK-Y. The clearance rate of superoxide radical was positively correlated with the concentration of TK-D (Y = 54.94X + 27.15, R2 = 0.998 3), and the IC50 was 0.42 g · L-1. Five compounds were isolated from n-butanol, and identified as glycosidic glycosides (1), orientin (2) (3), β-sitosterol (4), daucosterol (5). Conclusion: It is the first time to confirm that the water layer and the n-butanol layer in the extract of Nitraria subunit are the active sites of antioxidation. Among them, the antioxidant active substances in the aqueous layer are polysaccharides, glycyrrhizin compounds, Lactone is the main chemical component of sunflower seed.