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文章介绍了自行研制的石英灯红外辐射式气动加热试验模拟系统以及使用该系统对高超声速飞行器材料与结构进行的高温热评价试验。本热试验系统可实现升温速率高至200℃/s的非线性热冲击过程的动态模拟;能够生成1.8 MW/m2热流密度的瞬态非线性热试验模拟环境;能将试验环境温度提高到1 500℃。在该热试验系统上完成了如下试验研究:1)金属蜂窝板结构在高温950℃非线性热环境下的隔热性能评价试验和数值模拟;2)对SiC/SiC复合材料试件在1 300～1 500℃下的隔热性能评价试验;3)采用轴向非分段加热试验方式对圆柱型壳体结构(长2.1 m)内壁进行高温热环境试验。本试验系统在可控的非线性温升速率、高温高热流密度变化过程的动态模拟、热试验环境模拟的准确性以及非接触式全场高温变形测量等方面的研究成果达到了国际先进水平。
In this paper, the self-developed quartz lamp infrared radiation aerodynamic heating test simulation system and the high temperature thermal evaluation test of the hypersonic vehicle material and structure are introduced. This thermal test system enables the dynamic simulation of a nonlinear thermal shock process with a heating rate of up to 200 ° C / s; a transient non-linear thermal simulation environment capable of generating a heat flux of 1.8 MW / m2; a test environment temperature of up to 1 500 ° C. The following experimental studies were carried out on the thermal test system: 1) Thermal insulation performance evaluation and numerical simulation of metal honeycomb structure at 950 ℃ in non-linear thermal environment; 2) ~ 1 500 ℃; 3) High-temperature thermal environment test was carried out on the inner wall of cylindrical shell structure (2.1 m long) by axial non-staged heating test. The experimental system has reached the international advanced level in the research fields of controllable nonlinear temperature rise rate, dynamic simulation of high temperature and high heat flux density, accuracy of thermal test environment simulation and non-contact measurement of full-field temperature deformation.