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练习讲评课是中学地理教学中的一类重要课型。那么,在地理练习讲评中,怎样才能增强教师讲评的针对性,从而更好地渗透有效教学的理念呢?又怎样才能更高效地发展学生的能力呢?这是每一位地理教师都必须认真思考的问题。要回答上述问题,有必要从两个方面进行思考:首先,从学生解题的思维过程来看,成功解题应具备4个最基本的环节,即提取解题信息、形成解题思路、论证解题思路、表述解题结果;其次,从教师教学的角度来看,必须运用恰当的方式进行讲评,才能使学生从教师的讲评中更高效地习得方法,发展能力。将上述两个方面整合起来进行思考,并经过多年的摸索,我们找到了一种极其简易也较为有效的方法——枝形分析法。所谓枝形分析,就是我们可以将解题思维过程用树枝的形式表示出来,构成一个枝形推理图,以直观地反映出推理过程中各个步骤之间的逻辑关系,简明地表达解题过程的基本逻辑结构。在练习讲评中,教师若能运用好枝形分析方法,引导学生剖析解题的推理过程,科学地理解解题的推理结构,可以有效地发展学生多方面的能力,较为显著地提高学生的学科成绩。
Practice comment class is an important class in geography teaching in high school. So how can we improve the pertinence of teacher commentary in geography practice commentary so as to better penetrate the concept of effective teaching? How can we develop students’ ability more efficiently? This is why every geography teacher must take it seriously Question of thinking To answer these questions, it is necessary to think in two aspects: First of all, from the thinking process of students’ problem solving, there are 4 basic steps in solving the problem successfully, that is, to extract the problem solving information and form a solution to the problem. Second, from the point of view of teacher’s teaching, we must use the appropriate way to make comments, in order to enable students to learn methods and develop their abilities more effectively from teachers’ comments. Combining the above two aspects for thinking, and after many years of exploration, we have found an extremely simple and effective method - the branch analysis. The so-called branch analysis, that is, we can use the form of branches of the problem-solving thinking process to form a branch of reasoning map to intuitively reflect the logic of the various steps in the reasoning process to concisely express the process of solving problems Basic logical structure. In practice commentaries, if teachers can make good use of the branch analysis method to guide students to analyze the reasoning process of problem solving and scientifically understand the reasoning structure of problem solving, teachers can effectively develop students ’abilities in many aspects and improve students’ disciplines significantly Score.