肿瘤的基因治疗主要包括自杀基因治疗、抑癌基因治疗、反义癌基因治疗和免疫基因治疗等,相应的载体可选用病毒类或非病毒类载体。在临床与研究中,介入手段实现的局部转导主要包括转基因载体的肿瘤瘤体内注射和经导管血管内灌注,具体手段的选择与治疗机理、载体以及肿瘤特性等多种因素相关。 Gene therapy of cancer mainly includes suicide gene therapy, tumor suppressor gene therapy, antisense oncogene therapy and immune gene therapy, and the corresponding vectors can be selected as viruses or non-viral vectors. In clinical practice and research, local transduction mediated by interventions mainly includes in vivo injection of transgene carriers and intravascular catheterization. The choice of specific means is related to various mechanisms such as therapeutic mechanism, carrier and tumor characteristics.