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针对北京奥林匹克森林公园以客土为下垫面的特点,采用网格取样法,结合地统计模型,分析了公园土壤有机质、氮、磷等养分参数的空间分布与变异特征。研究表明:公园土壤营养水平较低,各养分参数的变异水平不同,但具有同一级空间变异结构。受客土回填的随机影响,土壤养分整体的空间相关性较弱。其中,全氮、有效氮和铵态氮的分布还受人工施肥的影响,空间相关度最弱;而硝态氮受局部区域硝化-反硝化作用的影响,空间相关性最强。基于半方差球状理论模型的普通Kriging估计揭示了土壤各养分参数的空间变异特征,表明有机质对全氮、有效氮和全磷的空间分布有较强影响,而溶解态养分如硝态氮、铵态氮和有效磷的空间分布差异性较大。本研究可为公园土壤养分流失风险评估和预防措施的制定提供科学依据,并为同类新建城市公园的土壤养分管理提供借鉴。
Aiming at the characteristics of Beijing Olympic Forest Park with the soil as the underlying surface, this paper analyzed the spatial distribution and variation characteristics of soil organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in the park by using the grid sampling method and the geostatistical model. The results showed that: the soil nutrition level of the park is low, the variation level of each nutrient parameter is different, but it has the same level of spatial variation structure. Affected by random effects of backfilling of soil, the overall spatial correlation of soil nutrients is weak. Among them, the distribution of total nitrogen, available nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen was also affected by artificial fertilization, and the spatial correlation was the weakest. However, nitrate nitrogen was strongest by spatial correlation of nitrification and denitrification. The common Kriging estimates based on the semivariogram spherical model reveal the spatial variability of soil nutrient parameters, indicating that organic matter has a strong effect on the spatial distribution of total nitrogen, available nitrogen and total phosphorus, while the dissolved nutrients such as nitrate nitrogen, ammonium Spatial distribution of nitrogen and available phosphorus is quite different. This study can provide a scientific basis for the risk assessment and preventive measures of soil nutrient loss in parks and provide references for the management of soil nutrients in similar new urban parks.