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牡蛎礁是温带河口和滨海区一种特殊的海洋生境,它具有生物生产、净化水体、提供鱼类生境、维持生物多样性和防止海岸侵蚀等重要功能,根据对长江口牡蛎礁恢复工程的跟踪监测结果,分析和评估该人工牡蛎礁恢复及碳汇潜力。研究结果表明,在2004—2010年期间,该人工牡蛎礁牡蛎种群的增长迅速,2005年牡蛎平均密度和生物量达到最高,以后各年牡蛎生长过程中存在“自疏”现象和死亡,总密度下降,但个体增长。牡蛎礁上大型底栖动物物种数、总密度和总生物量呈快速的增长趋势,2004年至2010年共出现大型底栖动物47种,至2010年8月其密度和生物量分别达到941ind·m-2和44.51g·m-2。该人工牡蛎礁具有强大的固碳能力,通过牡蛎的钙化过程,单位面积年固碳量为2.70kg·m-2,年平均固定碳量达3.33×104t,直接产生的年平均固碳效益达837万元,相当于营造1110hm2热带森林。
Oyster reef is a kind of special marine habitat in temperate estuary and coastal area. It has such important functions as biological production, water purification, providing fish habitat, maintaining biodiversity and preventing coastal erosion. According to the tracking of the oyster reef project in the Yangtze Estuary, Monitor the results and analyze and assess the recovery and carbon sink potential of the artificial oyster reef. The results showed that during the period of 2004-2010, the oyster population of this artificial oyster reef grew rapidly, and the average density and biomass of oysters reached the highest in 2005. In the following years, oyster had “self-sparse” phenomenon and death in its growth process, The overall density is declining, but the individual is growing. The species, total density and total biomass of macrozoobenthos on oyster reef showed a rapid growth trend. From 2004 to 2010, 47 species of macrobenthos appeared, and their density and biomass reached 941 ind · m-2 and 44.51 g-m-2. The artificial oyster reef has strong carbon sequestration ability. Through the calcification process of oyster, the annual carbon sequestration per unit area is 2.70kg · m-2, and the annual average fixed carbon is 3.33 × 104t. The annual average carbon sequestration efficiency 8.37 million yuan, equivalent to create 1110hm2 tropical forest.