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修建大坝能给人类带来巨大的经济效益和社会效益;然而一旦大坝失事,则会造成极大的灾害和人民生命、财产的严重损失,因而确保大坝安全是一个十分重大的问题。进入20世纪以来,特别是近四五十年以来,世界上筑坝的数量愈来愈多,规模愈来愈大,而且随着时间的推移,大坝的老化是不可免的,加之一些大坝的建造条件十分复杂,有的在设计施工中就遗留下某些缺陷
The construction of dams can bring enormous economic and social benefits to human beings. However, once the dam crashes, it will cause great disasters and serious losses of people’s life and property. Therefore, it is a very important issue to ensure dam safety. Since the 20th century, especially in the last four or five decades, the number of dams in the world has been increasing and the scale has been getting larger and larger. With the passage of time, the aging of dams is inevitable. In addition, Dam construction conditions are very complicated, and some left some defects in the design and construction