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基于美国气候预测中心(CPC)土壤湿度资料和80个青藏高原气象观测站的降水、气温资料,对青藏高原土壤湿度时空演变、突变,及土壤湿度与降水、气温的关系进行了分析.结果表明:青藏高原土壤湿度呈自东南向西北递减的分布特征,土壤湿度与降水量在空间上有很好的对应关系,在时间上存在2~4个月的时滞相关.1980-2012年高原土壤湿度呈显著增多趋势,土壤湿度变化发生突变的年份为2003年.在土壤湿度变化过程中,降水和气温的作用明显,5-10月降水量和1-6月气温是影响高原土壤湿度变化的主要因素.5-10月降水量决定了多水期的土壤湿度,而多水期土壤湿度和1-6月气温共同决定了少水期的土壤湿度.
Based on the soil moisture data of the United States Climate Prediction Center (CPC) and the precipitation and temperature data of 80 meteorological stations in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the temporal and spatial variations of soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau, the changes of soil moisture, precipitation and air temperature were analyzed. : The distribution of soil moisture in the Tibetan Plateau descends from southeast to northwest. There is a good spatial correlation between soil moisture and precipitation, with a time-lag correlation of 2 ~ 4 months in time. From 1980 to 2012, The humidity showed a significant increase trend, and the year that the soil moisture changed suddenly was 2003. During the process of soil moisture change, the effect of precipitation and temperature was obvious. The precipitation from May to October and the air temperature from January to June were the changes of soil moisture The main factor is the May-October precipitation, which determines the soil moisture in the multi-period, and the multi-period soil moisture and the January-June temperature together determine the soil moisture in the low-water period.