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1874—1875年的同光年间,清政府内部由日本侵台事件引发了一场关于海防乃至整个国防建设的大讨论。这场讨论直接关系到清政府国防战略措施的制定。从一个侧面反映出近代中国人国防观念的转变。关于这场讨论,史学界已有不少评说,但大都是关于争论各方是非功过的评价。本文所要探讨的问题是:讨论中出现各种意见分歧的症结、以及影响和制约这场讨论的其它因素。
During the same period of 1874-1875, the Japanese government’s invasion of Taiwan triggered a big discussion about the construction of Haiphong and the entire national defense. This discussion is directly related to the formulation of national defense strategic measures by the Qing government. From one aspect, it reflects the change of the concept of national defense in modern China. There has been a lot of comment on this discussion in the history of the academic circles, but most of them are comments on merits and demerits of all parties in the debate. The issue to be explored in this article is: the crux of the various disagreements in the discussion, as well as other factors that influence and constrain this discussion.