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目的：采用不同的全身照射（TBI）剂量及分割照射方式．观察大鼠TBI后的近期效应，以选择较佳TBI方案。材料与方法：将雄性SD大鼠36只随机分对照组（4只）．7．5Gy单次照射组，8Gy单次照射组，4Gy／次X2分次照射组，5Gy／次x2分次照射组（各8只）。采用60Cor线TBI，剂量率0．9Gy／min，TBI后观察外周血像及肝肾功能的变化，井将其心，肺、肝、肾及胸椎骨髓作病理组织学检查．结果：外用血白细胞数在TBI后第3天即明显下降（86．2%），而血小板仅下降3569%：至第7天才明显下降。肝肾功能基本正常。本实验观察到，随着剂量的增加，对心、肺、肝和骨髓的损伤亦随之增加。分次照射与单次照射比较，对肺的损伤较轻，而对骨髓的损伤则略重。结论：7．5Gy单次照射可作为骨髓成功植活的最低剂量参考，分次照射对肺的损伤较小．而对骨髓的损伤则大于单次照射。关键词：##4全身照射;;剂量;;照射方式;;近期效应;;大鼠
OBJECTIVE: To use different doses of total body irradiation (TBI) and split irradiation. To observe the short-term effects of TBI in rats to choose a better TBI program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 4). 7.5Gy single irradiation group, 8Gy single irradiation group, 4Gy / sub-X2 irradiation group, 5Gy / sub-x2 irradiation group (8 each). The 60Cor line TBI, dose rate 0.9Gy / min and TBI were used to observe the changes of peripheral blood and liver and kidney functions. The histopathological examination of heart, lung, liver, kidney and thoracic bone marrow was performed. Results: The number of peripheral blood leukocytes decreased significantly on the third day after TBI (86.2%), while the platelet count decreased only 3569%. Liver and kidney function is normal. The experiment observed that as the dose increases, the heart, lung, liver and bone marrow damage also increased. Graded irradiation compared with a single shot, less damage to the lungs, while the damage to the bone marrow is slightly heavier. Conclusion: 7.5Gy single irradiation can be used as the lowest dose reference for successful bone marrow transplantation, and less damage to the lungs by fractionated irradiation. The damage to the bone marrow is greater than a single irradiation. Keywords: ## 4 Whole body irradiation; Dosage; Irradiation; Recent effects; Rats