血管升压素(vasopressin,VP)是下丘脑内一些神经元合成和释放的一种九肽,具有很强的生物活性。VP一方面作为一种激素,由脑垂体后叶释放入血,参与对肾脏和心血管活动的调节;另一方面又作为中枢神经系统内的神经递质或调制物质,对参与心血管和肾脏活动调节的中枢内神经元的活动发生影响。 (一)VP神经元的分布 VP和催产素(oxytocin,OT)是最早从下丘脑组织中分离出的两种神经肽。VP神经元的细胞体主要分布在下丘脑的视(?)核(约占核内细胞总数的 Vasopressin (VP) is a nonapeptide that synthesizes and releases some neurons in the hypothalamus and has strong biological activity. VP on the one hand, as a hormone released from the posterior pituitary into the blood, involved in the regulation of renal and cardiovascular activity; the other hand, as a neurotransmitter or modulator of the central nervous system, involved in cardiovascular and kidney Activity-regulated central neuronal activity affects. (A) VP neuron distribution VP and oxytocin (oxytocin, OT) is the earliest from the hypothalamus isolated two neuropeptides. VP neurons of the cell body is mainly distributed in the hypothalamus (?) Nuclear (accounting for the total number of nuclear cells