麻醉性镇痛剂是一种强镇痛剂,在围手术期及晚期癌痛患者中常广泛应用。在美国,每年约有1.7亿张阿片剂的处方,它们在减轻患者痛苦的同时也带来了许多副作用。有许多机构曾经和正在开发阿片剂的拮抗剂,以阻断阿片剂的副反应。现临床常用的拮抗剂有:纳络酮(naloxone)和纳曲酮(naltrexone),它们既是外 Narcotic analgesics are strong analgesics and are often used widely in patients with perioperative and advanced cancer pain. In the United States, there are about 170 million prescriptions of opiates each year, and they have many side effects while alleviating the suffering of patients. There are many agencies that have been and are currently developing opiate antagonists to block opiate side effects. Now commonly used antagonists are: naloxone (naloxone) and naltrexone (naltrexone), they are both outside