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《如何读解文学》(2013)是伊格尔顿继《文学理论导论》《英国小说导论》《如何读诗》之后的最近一部文学教材作品。围绕“文化批评泛滥”和“文学趣味缺失”的现实问题,伊格尔顿从文学修辞的审美视角出发,聚焦文本本质、批评阐释、读者接受和价值判断问题,反映出其整合文学批评与美学教育的思想动向,以及强调文学趣味与分析技艺的批评经验。本文通过考察文学本质的趣味问题、文学修辞的分析范式、分析技艺的阅读旨趣,以及价值判断的审美空间,在此基础上探讨伊格尔顿的文化唯物主义文学修辞观念与审美教育思想。
“How to Read Literature” (2013) is the most recent literary textbook after Eagleton’s “How to Read Poems” in the Introduction to Literary Theory and Introduction to British Novels. Focusing on the practical problems of “the spread of cultural criticism” and “the lack of literary interest”, Eagleton focuses on the nature of the text, criticism interpretation, reader acceptance and value judgment from the aesthetic perspective of literary rhetoric, reflecting the fact that its integration Literary criticism and aesthetic education, as well as the critical experience of emphasizing the taste of literature and analytical skills. This article explores Eagleton’s ideas of cultural rhetoric and aesthetic education of cultural materialism based on the study of the interesting nature of literature, the analysis paradigm of literary rhetoric, the reading interest of artistry, and the aesthetic space of value judgments.