无机化学一向把元素性质和原子结构间的关系归结为核电荷、原子半径和外电子层构型三个因素的影响。按此观点,同周期元素自左向右过渡时,由于核电荷数增大、原子半径减小和外层电子数增多,导致金属性减弱和非金属性增强;而在同一主族从上向下过渡时,核电荷增大、原子半径增大(外层电子数相同),但由于原子半径递变的影响占优势,使金属 Inorganic chemistry has always been the nature of the element and the atomic structure attributed to the nuclear charge, atomic radius and the outer electron layer configuration of three factors. According to this view, the same periodic elements from left to right, due to nuclear charge increases, the atomic radius decreases and the outer electron number increased, leading to weakening of the metal and non-metallic enhancement; and in the same main from the up Under the transition, the nuclear charge increases, the atomic radius increases (the number of electrons in the outer layer), but due to the influence of the atomic radius of the dominant change, the metal