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目的采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)对蓍草脂溶性成分进行结构分析和鉴定。方法分两步提取蓍草,先用95%乙醇超声提取,再用石油醚萃取,得到其脂溶性成分后进行气相色谱检测。采用GC-MS法,通过NIST10谱库检索,同时结合人工解析,鉴定蓍草脂溶性成分的化学结构,并按峰面积归一化法计算各化合物在脂溶性成分中的相对百分含量。结果从蓍草中共分离鉴定出脂溶性成分29种,占石油醚萃取总量的82.74%。主要成分及其含量分别为表木栓醇(33.16%)、乙酸羽扇醇酯(10.99%)、棕榈酸(7.98%)、豆甾醇(3.68%)、硬脂酸(3.55%)、木栓酮(3.51%)等。结论该方法简便、准确,可用于蓍草中脂溶性成分的测定,并为进一步探讨蓍草药理作用及合理利用该植物资源提供了依据。
Objective To analyze and identify the soluble constituents of Yarrows by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methods The yarrow was extracted in two steps, firstly by ultrasonic extraction with 95% ethanol and then extraction with petroleum ether. The fat-soluble components were obtained and detected by gas chromatography. The chemical composition of Yarrow’s soluble fraction was identified by GC-MS method and NIST10 database. The relative percentage of each compound in fat-soluble fraction was calculated by peak area normalization method. Results A total of 29 liposoluble constituents were isolated and identified from Yarrow, accounting for 82.74% of the total petroleum ether extract. The main components and their contents were epiclodextrin (33.16%), lupine acetate (10.99%), palmitic acid (7.98%), stigmasterol (3.68%), stearic acid (3.51%) and so on. Conclusion The method is simple and accurate and can be used for the determination of fat-soluble constituents in the yar and provides a basis for further exploring the pharmacological effects of yarrow and rational utilization of the plant resources.