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在患儿发育早期,某一亚类孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorders,ASDs)大脑呈过度生长趋势。研究发现,部分伴随有大脑过度增生的患者局部脑区神经元数目异常增多。进一步研究表明,神经元的增殖紊乱与局部脑区神经元数目异常增多密切相关。本综述从ASDs相关信号分子对神经元增殖的调控入手,归纳总结近年来基于神经元增殖调控异常的ASDs大脑过度增生的分子机制研究,为探究ASDs的发病机制提供一个重要的突破口。
In the early stages of child development, the brains of some subcategories of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) show an overgrowth trend. The study found that some patients with brain hyperplasia abnormal increase in the number of local brain neurons. Further studies have shown that neuronal proliferation disorder is closely related to the abnormal increase in the number of neurons in the local brain regions. This review begins with the regulation of ASDs signaling molecules on neuronal proliferation and summarizes the molecular mechanisms of cerebral hyperplasia of ASDs based on the abnormal regulation of neuronal proliferation in recent years, providing an important breakthrough in exploring the pathogenesis of ASDs.