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哈萨克是原苏联加盟共和国之一,1936年12月5日加入苏联,1991年12月16日宣布独立。哈萨克位于亚洲中部,西濒里海,东与中国接界,北与俄罗斯为邻,南与土库曼和乌兹别克接壤,面积约272×10~4km~2,人口1669万。哈萨克是中亚地区经济最发达的国家之一。矿产资源比较丰富,铜、铅居原苏联首位,主要矿产还有煤、石油、铁、锌、磷灰石及铝土矿等。工业以采矿和冶金、
Kazakhstan is one of the former Soviet republics, joined the Soviet Union on December 5, 1936, and declared independence on December 16, 1991. Kazakhstan is located in the central Asia, west of the Caspian Sea, the east border with China, adjacent to Russia north of the north, and Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan on the south border, an area of about 272 × 10 ~ 4km ~ 2, population 16.69 million. Kazakhstan is one of the most economically developed countries in Central Asia. The rich mineral resources, copper, lead in the former Soviet Union, the main mineral and coal, petroleum, iron, zinc, apatite and bauxite. Industry in mining and metallurgy,