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目的：观察亚低温治疗急性重型颅脑损伤的疗效及其预后状况。方法76例重型颅脑损伤病人随机分成对照组(n=38)和亚低温治疗组(n=38)。对每例病人伤后第0、1、3、7、14d各行一次头颅CT检测，分析比较两组患者伤灶脑水肿体积等。结果亚低温治疗组的脑水肿体积高峰出现在伤后第3天，其脑水肿体积在伤后3d为(90.3±13.8)cm3，而对照组脑水肿体积高峰出现在伤后第7天，其脑水肿体积在伤后第7天为(135.9±20.1)cm3；亚低温组在伤后的1d、3d、7d和14d的脑水肿体积明显低于对照组(P＜0.05)。亚低温治疗组患者的预后的良好率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论运用亚低温治疗能减轻脑水肿，可以明显改善患者的预后。“,”Objective To observe the hypothermia treatment of acute severe brain injury and the effect on prognosis.Methods 76 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were randomly divided into conventional group (control group) and mild hypothermia therapeutic group, with 38 patients in each group. The size of brain edema was measured with CT on day 0, 1, 3, 7, 14 respectively after sever brain injury. The size of brain edema and the prognosis were compared and analyzed.Results The area of brain edema was the largest on day 3 in control group (135.9±20.1)cm3 and mild hypothermia therapeutic group(90.3±13.8)cm3.The edema area in the therapeutic group was smaller than that in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Mild hypothermia treatment can improve the prognosis through alleviating brain edema.