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为了解老年患者常见泌尿道致病菌及其耐药性,采用17种抗菌药纸片、K-B琼脂扩散法对1996年1～12月武汉地区13所大中型医院60岁以上住院患者尿中所分离出的204株细菌进行耐药性监测,结果显示43株（21.07％）为革兰阳性球菌,161株（78.92％）为革阴性杆菌。革兰阴性杆菌中检出大肠杆菌107株（66.45％）,对环丙沙星、庆大霉素耐药率分别为72％、49％,对亚胺配南、头孢他啶、阿米卡星、头孢曲松敏感率均在90％以上。检出绿脓杆菌13株（8.07％）,未检出亚胺配南、阿米卡星、头孢他定耐药株,对环丙沙星耐药率在10％以下。革兰阳性球菌中17株（39.53％）为金葡菌,23.52％耐苯唑西林且呈多重耐药,对76％的抗生素耐药,对万古霉素、亚胺配南均敏感。17种抗菌药物对204株革兰阳性球菌及革兰阴性杆菌活性,最强者依次为亚胺配南、阿米卡星、头孢他啶。
In order to understand the common urinary tract pathogens and drug resistance in elderly patients, 17 kinds of antibacterial drugs and KB agar diffusion method were used to evaluate the urine of over 60-year-old inpatients in 13 large and medium-sized hospitals in Wuhan from January to December 1996 The resistance of 204 isolates was monitored. The results showed that 43 strains (21.07%) were gram-positive cocci and 161 strains (78.92%) were gram-negative bacteria. 107 strains of Escherichia coli (66.45%) were detected in Gram-negative bacilli. The resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and gentamycin were 72% and 49%, respectively. For imipenem, ceftazidime, amikacin, The sensitive rate of ceftriaxone is more than 90%. 13 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.07%) were detected, no imipenem, amikacin and ceftazidime resistant strains were detected, and the rate of resistance to ciprofloxacin was below 10%. Seventeen strains (39.53%) of Gram-positive cocci were S.aureus, 23.52% resistant to oxacillin and were multi-drug resistant, resistant to 76% antibiotics and sensitive to vancomycin and imipenem. The activity of 17 kinds of antibacterials against 204 Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli were as follows: imipenem, amikacin and ceftazidime.