目的解天津市居民健康素养水平,为政府公共卫生决策提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取天津市2009名常住人口进行问卷调查,问卷采用中国健康教育中心统一设计的《2009中国公民健康素养调查问卷》,内容包括健康理念和基本知识、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能等。正确回答80%及以上健康素养调查内容的调查对象视为具备健康素养。结果天津市居民具备健康素养的比例是35.84%;具备健康理念和基本知识素养、健康生活方式与行为素养、健康技能素养的比例分别是64.61%、39.77%和40.37%;具备科学健康观、安全与急救素养、传染病预防素养、基本医疗素养、慢性病预防素养的比例分别是68.74%、67.75%、56.30%、46.04%、36.98%。影响居民健康素养的主要因素是城乡差别、文化程度和年龄。结论天津市居民健康素养水平较低,尤其是慢性病预防素养和农村居民的健康素养工作亟待加强。 Objective To understand the health literacy level of residents in Tianjin and provide the basis for government public health decision-making. Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select the 2009 permanent residents in Tianjin for questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was designed by the Chinese Health Education Center as “2009 China Citizens’ Health Literacy Questionnaire”, which includes health concept and basic knowledge, health Lifestyle and behavior, health skills and more. The respondents who correctly answered 80% or more of the health literacy survey were considered as having health literacy. Results The proportion of residents with health literacy in Tianjin was 35.84%. The proportions of health literacy and basic knowledge literacy, healthy lifestyles and behavioral literacy, and health skill literacy were 64.61%, 39.77% and 40.37%, respectively. They had the scientific concept of health and safety The proportion of first aid, infectious disease prevention, basic medical care and chronic disease prevention were 68.74%, 67.75%, 56.30%, 46.04% and 36.98% respectively. The main factors that affect the health literacy of residents are the differences between urban and rural areas, their educational level and their ages. Conclusion The level of health literacy in Tianjin residents is low, especially the prevention of chronic diseases and the health literacy of rural residents need to be strengthened.