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目的探究山东、河北、湖南3省芝麻中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)的污染状况,为芝麻的安全生产提供科学依据。方法选取山东、河北、湖南3省的代表性种植区域的芝麻籽粒作为样品,测定其中的Pb、Cd、As含量,采用单项污染指数法和综合污染指数法对芝麻样品中的Pb、Cd、As进行污染评价。结果山东和湖南2省个别采样地块的芝麻样品中,Cd为中度污染和重度污染水平,河北省是综合污染指数最低的区域。各采样区域内芝麻中的Pb含量、山东和河北2省芝麻中的Cd、As含量均属中等变异程度;湖南省所产芝麻中的Cd、As含量均属强变异程度,且湖南省所产芝麻中的Cd超标率最高;各采样区域内,芝麻籽粒的Cd超标率高于Pb和As的超标率。结论在各采样区域内,Pb、Cd、As的单项污染指数和综合污染指数评价均为未受污染,Cd为综合污染的主要贡献因子,As的污染指数最低,Cd的污染指数最高。
Objective To investigate the pollution of lead, cadmium and arsenic in sesame in Shandong, Hebei and Hunan provinces, and to provide a scientific basis for the safe production of sesame. Methods The sesame seeds from representative planting areas of Shandong, Hebei and Hunan provinces were selected as samples, and the contents of Pb, Cd and As were determined. The contents of Pb, Cd and As in the sesame samples were determined by single pollution index and integrated pollution index Pollution assessment. Results Among sesame samples from two sampling plots in Shandong and Hunan provinces, Cd was moderately polluted and heavily polluted. Hebei Province was the area with the lowest integrated pollution index. The content of Pb in sesame seeds in each sample area and the content of Cd and As in the sesame of two provinces in Shandong and Hebei all belong to medium degree of variation. The contents of Cd and As in sesame seeds produced in Hunan Province are all highly variable, Cd in sesame exceeded the highest rate; within each sampling area, the Cd excess rate of sesame seeds was higher than that of Pb and As. Conclusion The single pollution index and comprehensive pollution index of Pb, Cd and As in each sampling area are not polluted, Cd is the main contributor to the comprehensive pollution, As is the lowest pollution index, Cd pollution index is the highest.