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目的：研究胆管癌胆汁中糖蛋白糖链结构的变化及其酶学机制,探讨胆汁中糖蛋白成份及其糖链结构的改变在良恶性胆道病变中的鉴别诊断价值。方法：运用各种生化技术将一组恶性胆道病变(胆管癌27例、胆囊癌9例、壶腹癌5例)和20例良性胆道病变所致梗阻性黄疸病人胆管胆汁中的蛋白分离出来,进行糖蛋白定性。采用制备好的HRP标记凝集素探针(DSA-HRP、WGA-HRP、LCA-HRP、ConA-HRP)分别对良恶性胆管胆汁中的糖蛋白的糖链结构进行检测和分析。将已分离、纯化和鉴定好的GnT-Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ的最适受体底物与上述胆管癌、胆囊癌组织及良性胆管组织的酶液进行反应,再以HPLC测定组织中GnT-Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ的活力。结果：良恶性胆道病变的胆汁中糖蛋白的糖链结构存在明显差异,胆管癌胆汁中糖蛋白的糖链结构的变化主要表现为天线数和核心岩藻糖的明显增多,还可能伴有平分型GlcNAc的增多。GnT-Ⅴ、Ⅳ、Ⅲ的活力在胆管癌和胆囊癌癌组织中明显高于良性对照组,尤以GnT-Ⅴ、Ⅲ活力增高更明显。结论：胆管癌胆汁中的糖蛋白及其糖链结构的变化可能对胆管癌的定性诊断有一定价值。胆管癌组织中糖基转移酶活力的改变是胆汁中糖蛋白糖链结构变化的酶学机制。
OBJECTIVE: To study the changes of glycoprotein sugar chain structure in bile duct of cholangiocarcinoma and its enzymological mechanism, and to explore the differential diagnosis value of glycoprotein composition and its sugar chain structure in bile in benign and malignant cholangiopathy. Methods: A series of biochemical techniques were used to separate a group of malignant biliary lesions (cholangiocarcinoma in 27 cases, gallbladder carcinoma in 9 cases, ampulla carcinoma in 5 cases) and 20 cases of benign biliary lesions caused by obstructive jaundice in patients with bile duct bile protein, Glycoprotein qualitative. The glycoprotein structure of benign and malignant cholangio-bile was detected and analyzed by using prepared HRP-labeled lectin probe (DSA-HRP, WGA-HRP, LCA-HRP and ConA-HRP). The optimal substrate of GnT-Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, which had been isolated, purified and identified, was reacted with the above enzyme solution of cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma and benign bile duct tissue. The levels of GnT-Ⅲ , Ⅳ, Ⅴ vitality. Results: The structure of sugar chains in bile of benign and malignant biliary lesions were significantly different. The changes of the sugar chain structure of glycoprotein in cholangiocarcinoma mainly showed the increase of antenna number and core fucose, Type GlcNAc increased. The activity of GnT-Ⅴ, Ⅳ, Ⅲ in cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma was significantly higher than that in benign control group, especially the increase of GnT-Ⅴ, Ⅲ activity was more obvious. Conclusion: The changes of glycoprotein and its sugar chain structure in cholangiocarcinoma may have some value in the qualitative diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Changes in the activity of glycosyltransferase in cholangiocarcinoma tissue is the enzymatic mechanism of the structural changes of sugar chains in bile.