一直以来,无论是在日常交流还是在语法范畴中,日语中的语态、体态、时态以及情态都占据着很重要的位置。涉及到多个方面,与句中语境以及主体的关系密切,表达方式丰富,内容多样。因此,在日语教育领域中备受关注。并且,对于中国的日语学习者,特别是在校学习日语的学生来说也很有必要认真学习、掌握的内容。本文从句法出发试分析日语中的语态、体态、时态以及情态。并进一步讨论与之密切相关的在语言生活中的应用及特质。 All along, no matter in daily communication or grammar category, the tone, posture, tense and modality in Japanese occupy a very important position. Involved in many aspects, and the context of the sentence and the subject is closely related to the rich expression, diverse content. Therefore, the Japanese education in the field of concern. Also, it is necessary for Chinese learners of Japanese, especially those who are studying Japanese, to study hard and master the contents. This article attempts to analyze the voice, posture, tense and modality in Japanese from the syntactic point of view. And further discuss the closely related with the language of life in the application and characteristics.