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化学计算是中学化学课的一个重要内容,它的特点是在理解化学原理和化学知识的基础上,使用各种合理的手段进行化学计算。现仅以下例列举几种解法,借以开拓思维,使同学们通过这几种解法能得到启示,以提高自己的计算能力。例:已知某有机物分子仅由C、H、O三元素的13个原子组成,分子中电子总数为42,充分燃烧生成水蒸气和二氧化碳,在相同的状况下体积比为4:3,取该有机物3.8克与足量的金属钠反应,产生氢气1.12升,(标准状况下)。试确定该有机物的分子式。指出它是哪一类物质?写出该物质同分异构体结
Chemical calculation is an important part of chemistry class in middle school. It is characterized by understanding chemical principles and chemical knowledge and using various reasonable means to carry out chemical calculations. Only the following examples illustrate several solutions to expand the mindset so that students can gain inspiration through these solutions to improve their computing power. Example: It is known that an organic molecule consists of only 13 atoms of the three elements C, H, and O. The total number of electrons in the molecule is 42 and it is fully combusted to produce water vapor and carbon dioxide. The volume ratio is 4:3 under the same conditions. 3.8 g of this organic substance reacts with a sufficient amount of metallic sodium to produce 1.12 liters of hydrogen (under standard conditions). Determine the molecular formula of the organic substance. Indicate what kind of substance it is? Write the isomer of the substance