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1840年的鸦片战争,使古老的中华文明第一次遇到了一个优于自己的外来文明的挑战。这次战争,迫使中国带着深深的屈辱开始在现代化的道路上蹒跚而行。中国现代化的道路之所以如此艰难曲折,不仅因为它是外来、强迫、后发的,更是因为中国当时的统治者大清王朝在相当长的时间内对这个挑战实际是“现代化”开端的意义竟毫无认识,丧失了主动变革、主动“现代化”的机遇,甚至丧失了自己的生存空间。这种主动权的自我丢失不仅使大清王朝最终覆灭,更重要的是使中华民族的“现代化”被大大延误,屡受重挫。
The Opium War of 1840 made the ancient Chinese civilization encounter for the first time a challenge superior to its own foreign civilization. This war forced China to embark on a path of modernization with deep humiliation. The reason why China’s modernization is so tortuous is not only because it is foreign, forced and late, but also because the then Qing ruler of the country, the ruler of the country, for quite a long period of time, really challenged the “modernization” Without understanding, we have lost the opportunity of taking the initiative to “reform and take the initiative to” modernize “and even lost our living space. The self-loss of such initiative not only deflated the Qing dynasty but, more importantly, the ”modernization" of the Chinese nation was greatly delayed and suffered repeated setbacks.