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推求设计洪水,我国普遍采用数理统计的方法,它是假定总体分布为已知的情况下,根据样本对总体的某些参数进行估计推断,借以推求出某种频率的洪水特征值作为设计的依据。本文拟就样本系列的代表性,频率计算公式的运用、历史洪水在设计洪水中的作用及成果的公理性谈点粗浅的认识。一、样本系列的代表性设计洪水成果的实际误差或正或负,或大或小,主要取决于样本的代表性,样本代表性是指样本的频率分布对总体分布的代表性。样本
In order to deduce the design flood, our country generally adopts the method of mathematical statistics. It assumes that the population distribution is known, and estimates some parameters of the population according to the sample, so as to deduce the flood eigenvalue of a certain frequency as the design in accordance with. This article intends to talk about the representativeness of the sample series, the application of the formula of frequency, the role of historical flood in design flood and the superficial understanding of the axiomatic results. First, the representative design of the sample series The actual error of the flood results, whether positive or negative, large or small, mainly depends on the representativeness of the samples. Sample representativeness refers to the representativeness of the frequency distribution of the sample on the overall distribution. sample