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目的旨在了解通辽市涂阴肺结核病流行及实施结核病控制项目前后涂阴病例登记状况,分析、探讨存在问题的症结和提高涂阴肺结核病人发现的重要性。方法根据通辽市的肺结核登记资料、结核病流行病学调查资料及2005—2008年的传染病网络直报的肺结核发现统计资料进行分析。结果通辽市4次结核病流行病学调查均表明,涂阴肺结核的患病率高于涂阳肺结核的患病率,约占活动性肺结核的2/3。通辽市1991—2003年涂阴/涂阳登记率比例维持在1.1～2.4之间;2004—2008年涂阴与涂阳肺结核病人登记数量逐年提高,其涂阴/涂阳比例降为0.60～0.85,与结核病流行病学调查结果相比差别较大。结论通辽市自2004年以来,登记涂阴与涂阳肺结核病人比例明显失衡,涂阴肺结核病人发现登记水平较低。在加强涂阳肺结核控制的同时,也不应忽视涂阴结核病的控制工作。
The purpose is to understand the prevalence of smear-negative tuberculosis in Tongliao City and the status of smear-negative cases before and after TB control project, analyze and discuss the crux of the existing problems and the importance of improving the detection of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Methods Based on the data of pulmonary tuberculosis registration, epidemiological survey of tuberculosis and statistics of pulmonary tuberculosis found in 2005-2008 direct reports of infectious diseases in Tongliao city. Results Four epidemiological investigations of tuberculosis in Tongliao City showed that the prevalence of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis was higher than that of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis, accounting for about two-thirds of active pulmonary tuberculosis. Tongliao 1991 -03 smear / smear registration rate remained at between 1.1 to 2.4; 2004-2008 smear and smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis registration number increased year by year, the smear / smear ratio dropped to 0.60 ~ 0.85 , And tuberculosis epidemiological survey results vary greatly. Conclusion Since 2004, the proportion of smear-positive and smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Tongliao City has been obviously unbalanced, and smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients have found a low registration level. In strengthening the smear-positive tuberculosis control, we should not neglect the control of smear-negative tuberculosis.