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从中国经济改革初始,民众抗争(即群体事件一编者)就未曾间断。随着互联网的发展,民众抗争开始用一些新的形式表现出来。其中一个重要的转变就是网络行动主义的崛起,一方面,网络日渐与基于特定地点的传统抗争形式相融合,网络被用来发动线下的抗争活动。另一方面,在很多案例中,民众抗争是在网络空间展开的。尽管它的影响力会向线下延伸,但其行动的中心舞台却是在网络上,它构成了一种激进的、有诉求的传播行为。本文分析了这些网络行动主义的特点、话语结构和演进动力。通过综合比较,本文发现有三个外界条件导致了网络的抗争。它们是:互联网的网络结构、人们对互联网的信念,以及两极分化的社会里宏观的民众抗争。另外,本文的案例分析表明,网络抗争有复杂的内部动力机制。它的发生,有赖于扩散和限制的社会渠道,网络沟通的会话机制,以及抗争的文化传统。
From the very beginning of China’s economic reform, the civil protests (ie, group events and editors) have not stopped. With the development of the Internet, civil protests began to take shape in some new forms. One of the most important changes is the rise of cyber-activism. On the one hand, the Internet is increasingly being integrated with traditional forms of protest based on specific locations. The Internet is being used to launch offline protests. On the other hand, in many cases, people’s protests are carried out in cyberspace. Although its influence extends down the line, its central stage of action is on the web, which constitutes a radical and appealing communication. This article analyzes the characteristics of these network activism, discourse structure and evolutionary momentum. Through a comprehensive comparison, this paper found that three external conditions led to the struggle of the network. They are: the Internet’s network structure, people’s beliefs about the Internet, and the macro-level public protests in a polarized society. In addition, the case analysis of this article shows that cyber-protest has complicated internal motivation mechanism. Its occurrence depends on the social channels of proliferation and restriction, the dialogue mechanism of network communication, and the cultural tradition of resistance.