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研究发现,唯一与甲状腺癌风险有关的三项超声结节特征包括,微钙化、超过2cm及结节整体实质化。如果其中一项特征被用于活检适应症,那么大部分的甲状腺癌病例可被检出,同时伴有高假阳性率和低阳性似然率,每56次活检即可诊断1例甲状腺癌。若其中2项特征被用于活检,敏感性和假阳性率会降低,阳性似然率上升,16次活检即可诊断出1例甲状腺癌。
The study found that the only three features of ultrasound nodules associated with the risk of thyroid cancer include microcalcifications, over 2 cm, and overall nodularity. If one of these traits is being used for biopsy indications, the majority of thyroid cancer cases can be detected with high false-positive rates and low positive likelihoods and one case of thyroid cancer can be diagnosed every 56 biopsies. If two of these features were used for biopsy, the sensitivity and false positive rates decreased, and the positive likelihood ratio increased. One case of thyroid cancer was diagnosed on 16 biopsies.