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机器法律行为是指由非自然人表示行为作出意思表示的法律行为。按照现代人工职能和机器人技术的发展水平,可以将机器法律行为分为单纯反应型机器法律行为、智能交流型机器法律行为和网络互动型机器法律行为。将机器法律行为纳入民事法律行为理论框架中,可以科学的解决机器人相关法律纠纷,降低交易成本,提高经济效率,进而保障财产安全和公民人权。在立法上应当将机器人的替代行为视为被替代者本人的法律行为。当机器人的法律行为出现错误或者致人损害时,被替代人本人应当承担全部后果。
Machine legal acts refer to legal acts that are expressed by non-natural persons. According to the development of modern artificial functions and robotics, the legal behaviors of machines can be divided into the legal actions of simple reactive machines, the legal behaviors of intelligent AC machines and the legal behaviors of interactive machines. Bringing machine legal acts into the theoretical framework of civil legal acts can scientifically solve robot-related legal disputes, reduce transaction costs, increase economic efficiency, and ensure property safety and citizen’s human rights. In the legislation, the substitution behavior of robots should be regarded as the substitute’s own legal act. When the legal behavior of the robot is wrong or causing damage, the replaced person should bear all the consequences.