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目的探讨直肠癌患者术前加强营养护理的应用效果。方法选取2014年2月至2015年2月间收治的60例直肠癌手术患者,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。观察组患者术前采用肠内营养剂加强营养,对照组患者术前采用传统流质饮食。比较两组患者的肠道清洁度、手术情况、术后营养情况和并发症。结果两组患者肠道清洁度、手术时间、术中出血量差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。观察组患者术后肛门排气时间、半流质饮食时间、住院时间短于对照组,术后3天的血清白蛋白和血清总蛋白水平高于对照组,胃肠功能紊乱和并发症发生率少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论术前加强营养护理可提高直肠癌患者术后的营养状况,减少胃肠功能紊乱和术后并发症,且不影响肠道清洁度。
Objective To explore the effect of preoperative nutritional nursing for patients with rectal cancer. Methods Sixty patients with rectal cancer who were treated between February 2014 and February 2015 were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in observation group were enrolled in enteral nutrition supplements before operation, while patients in control group were pre-treated with traditional liquid diet. Intestinal cleanliness, operative status, postoperative nutrition and complications were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in intestinal cleanliness, operation time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (all P> 0.05). The anal exhaust time, semi-liquid diet time and hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group. Serum albumin and serum total protein levels were higher in the 3 days after operation than those in the control group. Gastrointestinal disorders and complication rates were lower In the control group, the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05). Conclusion Preoperative nutrition nursing can improve the nutritional status of postoperative patients with rectal cancer, reduce gastrointestinal disorders and postoperative complications, and does not affect the intestinal cleanliness.