论文部分内容阅读
“动手做”(hands-on)是一种由美国科学家总结出来的教育思想和方法,旨在使学生以科学的方法学习知识,强调学习方法、思维方法、学习态度的培养。体现其思想和方法的教学活动在美国已经开展了十多年。1992年,法国学者、诺贝尔物理学奖获得者乔治·夏帕克先生倡导在法国开展这项科学教育改革,1996年法国引入这个项目,命名为“LAMAP”(La Main a La Pate,其含义是“动手和面团吧”),由法国科学院付诸实施,已在全国形成了一个实验网络,并形成了比较成熟的经验。由我国教育部和中国科协共同发起的“做中学”(Leaming by doing)项目是借鉴和引进了其中的先进理念和实践成果,结合我国自身的经验构建的一项科学教育改革计划,目前已在北京、上海和南京的部分幼儿园和小学试点研究。“做中学”科学教育的目标是:让所有学前和小学阶段的儿童有机会亲历探究自然奥秘的过程,使他们在观察、提问、设想、动手实验、表达、交流的探究活动中,体验科学探究的过程、构建基础性的科学知识、获得初步的科学探究能力,为促进儿童的全面发展,成长为具有良好科学素养的未来公民打下必要的基础。
Hands-on is a kind of educational thought and method summed up by American scientists. The aim is to enable students to learn knowledge in a scientific way, emphasizing the cultivation of learning methods, thinking methods and learning attitudes. Teaching activities that embody their ideas and methods have been in the United States for more than a decade. In 1992, the French scholar, Nobel Prize in Physics, Mr. George Shapak initiated the science education reform in France. In 1996, France introduced the project as “La Main a La Pate” “Hands-on and dough”), put into practice by the French Academy of Sciences, has formed an experimental network in the country and formed a relatively mature experience. The “Leaming by doing” project co-sponsored by the Ministry of Education of our country and the China Association for Science and Technology is a science education reform plan that draws on and incorporates advanced ideas and practical achievements therein and combines our own experience. Currently, Pilot studies on kindergartens and elementary schools in Beijing, Shanghai and Nanjing. The goal of “doing high school” science education is to give all children in pre-primary and primary school the opportunity to explore the process of natural mysteries so that they can experience science inquiry in the activities of observation, questioning, imagination, hands-on experimentation, expression and exchange , Build up basic scientific knowledge and acquire preliminary scientific inquiry ability, laying the necessary foundation for promoting the all-round development of children and growing into future civilians with good scientific accomplishments.