虽然在现实中“歧视”尚难杜绝,但社会发展至今,它只能像幽灵那样出没,不敢公开蹑迹。无论是在资本主义还是社会主义的意识形态中,反歧视都已成为勿庸置辩的价值取向,它代表社会良知和公正理念。各种反歧视的斗争,如反种族歧视、反性别歧视、反残疾歧视等也得到了立法上的支持。这篇文章以这一共识为出发点却质疑了反歧视的绝对性,也就是说,从根本上讲某种程度、某种意义上的“歧视”是不可避免的,是内在于人类社会的。通俗地说就是五个手指不一般齐的道理。作者探讨了新近的基因歧视问题,指出了在这一问题上反与不反即使在理念层面上也面临着进退维谷之情境。 Although in reality, “discrimination” is still hard to put an end to, but the development of society so far, it can only be like ghosts haunting, not open track. In both capitalist and socialist ideologies, anti-discrimination has become an indisputable value orientation that represents the conscience of society and the concept of justice. Various anti-discrimination struggles, such as anti-racial discrimination, anti-sexism and anti-disability discrimination, have also received legislative support. Based on this consensus, this article has questioned the absoluteness of anti-discrimination, that is to say, to some extent, “discrimination” in a certain sense is inevitable and inherent in human society of. Generally speaking, five fingers are not the same reason. The author explores the recent issue of genetic discrimination and points out that the opposite and opposite aspects of this issue are facing a dilemma even at the conceptual level.