安东·巴甫洛维奇·契诃夫(1860～1904)的创作活动始于19世纪80年代,当时正是亚历山大三世统治时期。契诃夫的剧作秉承了俄国的自然派现实主义传统,受益于俄国本土的作家果戈理、奥斯特洛夫斯基以及屠格涅夫的艺术实践。契诃夫一再指出,戏剧艺术需要革新,要坚决根除戏剧中的矫揉造作,人为 The creation of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov (1860-1904) began in the 1880s when it was the reign of Alexander III. Chekhov’s plays adhering to Russia’s naturalist realist tradition, to benefit from the Russian native writers Gogol, Ostrovsky and Turgenev’s artistic practice. Chekhov has repeatedly pointed out that dramatic arts need to be reformed, that we must resolutely eradicate artificial and artificial mannerisms in the drama