随着中国建设和发展,日常生活及工作中眼外伤的发生率不断上升。本文从眼外伤流行病学检查、眼外伤实验模型的设计与制作、眼外伤实验动物的选择及眼外伤实验研究进行综述。眼外伤成因大致相似,以钝挫伤、穿通伤为多。实验观察从以前的单纯临床大体观察,到目前的细胞分子水平观察,能更好地更深入地揭示眼外伤本质,从而进一步指导临床治疗。 With the construction and development of China, the incidence of ocular trauma in daily life and work is on the rise. This article reviews the epidemiology of ocular trauma, the design and manufacture of experimental models of ocular trauma, the selection of experimental ocular trauma and the experimental study of ocular trauma. The causes of ocular trauma are generally similar to blunt trauma, penetrating wounds and more. Experimental observation from the previous simple clinical general observation, to the current observation of cell molecular level, can better reveal the nature of ocular trauma better, so as to further guide clinical treatment.