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由于中央的一般性财政转移支付占比低,专项转移是主要的转移支付形式,这使得中央向地方转移支付的执行稳定性差,缺乏可预期性,地方难以在每年的财政预算中对之进行有效规划、分配和使用。地方分权是中国最近三十多年来快速发展的一个基本原因。研究者们大多认为,20世纪80年代以来中央向地方的财政分权是中国经济改革成功的关键。例如,钱颖一、许成钢曾提出,中国的经济改革之所以比东欧、苏联好得多,原因在于苏东实行的
Due to the low proportion of the central government’s general fiscal transfer payment, the special transfer is the main form of transfer payment, which makes the transfer of the central government to the local government with poor stability and lack of predictability, making it difficult for local governments to make effective annual budgets Planning, distribution and use. Decentralization is one of the basic reasons for China’s rapid development in the recent three decades. Most researchers think that the fiscal decentralization from the central government to the local government since the 1980s is the key to the success of China’s economic reform. For example, Qian Yingyi and Xu Chenggang proposed that the reason why China’s economic reform is much better than that of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union lies in the fact that the Soviet Union and the East