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永磁合金在电讯、电声器件、仪器仪表和机电产品中起着重要的作用。我国目前应用的永磁合金以AlNiCo为主,这种合金中含约24％的Co,其最大磁能积为4～5MGOe。我国每年用于生产永磁合金消耗的Co约为200～300吨。六十年代以后发展起来的Sm-Co永磁体性能优异,最大磁能积可达15～30MGOe,我国近年来Sm-Co类永磁体年产量为20～30吨,每年消耗Co10～15吨。由于Sm-Co永磁体的主要成分是稀缺的Co和昂贵的Sm,导致其造价颇高,使其发展和应用受到了一定的限制。 北京钢铁学院于1983年开始进行高矫顽力Nd-Fe-B永磁体的研究,模索出了获得最佳磁性的成分及工艺制度。所研制的Nd-Fe-B永磁体的性能达到:内禀矫顽力mHe>
Permanent magnet alloys play an important role in telecommunications, electroacoustic devices, instrumentation and electromechanical products. The currently used permanent magnet alloys in our country mainly include AlNiCo, which contains about 24% Co and has a maximum energy product of 4 ~ 5MGOe. The annual consumption of Co in our country for producing permanent magnet alloys is about 200-300 tons. The Sm-Co permanent magnets developed since the 1960s are excellent in performance and the maximum energy product is up to 15-30MGOe. In recent years, the annual output of Sm-Co type permanent magnets in our country is 20-30 tons and annual consumption is 10-15 tons. As the main components of Sm-Co permanent magnets are rare Co and expensive Sm, resulting in high cost, its development and application of certain restrictions. Beijing Iron and Steel Institute in 1983 began the study of high coercivity Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet, the model obtained to obtain the best magnetic composition and process system. The performance of the developed Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet achieves: intrinsic coercivity mHe>